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Prameela, T. P.
- Biocontrol and Growth Promotive Potential of Streptomyces Spp. in Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.)
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PDF Views:196
Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Crop Protection, ICAR Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode 6730112, Kerala, IN
1 Division of Crop Protection, ICAR Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode 6730112, Kerala, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 30, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 177-189Abstract
Actinomycetes isolated from the rhizosphere of black pepper and from vermicompost were tested for their antagonistic effect against Phytophthora capsici and Radopholus similis, the causal agents of foot rot and slow decline diseases of black pepper. Based on in vitro evaluations, four isolates were shortlisted (IISR Act2, IISR Act5, IISR Act6, and IISR Act9) and subjected to in vivo evaluation for Phytophthora infection by challenge inoculation and also greenhouse evaluation for growth promotion in black pepper. Rooted plants of black pepper were raised in soil amended with Actinomycetes strains individually and in combinations in portray and were transplanted into earthenware pots containing potting mixture amended with respective actinomycetes keeping un-amended plants as control. Observations were recorded on growth parameters like plant height, ischolar_main weight, shoot weight and ischolar_main infection by nematodes. Besides, soil was also analyzed for pH, dehydrogenase activity, EC and NPK content to know the influence of actinomycetes on soil microflora as well as on nutrient status. The results showed that consortia are more effective than individual isolates. Consortia holding IISR Act5+IISR Act9 were found highly effective in enhancing all the growth parameters followed by IISR Act2+ IISR Act9 and IISR Act2 + IISR Act5. The dehydrogenase activity was found higher in these consortia showing the higher microbial metabolic activity. Root lesions were also negligible in these treatments. Being effective in growth promotion as well as antagonistic activity, the isolates were tested for plant growth promotion and biocontrol traits. Among the isolates, IISR Act9 was found highly efficient in IAA production (119μg/ml) when compared to IISR Act2 (36.25μg/ml) and IISR Act5 (32.4μg/ml). Hence based on the growth promotive and pathogen suppressive effect, the consortia of either IISR Act5+IISR Act9 , IISR Act2+IISR Act9 or IISR Act2+IISR Act5 can be effectively used in black pepper for growth promotion and biological control of foot rot and slow decline diseases. The potential actinomycetes were identified as Streptomyces spp. as per Bergey’s manual and rpoB gene sequence similarity of which IISR Act2 is identified as Streptomyces sp., IISR Act9 as Streptomyces albus and IISR Act5 as Streptomyces sp.Keywords
Black Pepper Biocontrol, Consortia, Growth Promotion, IAA Production, PGPR, Streptomyces Spp., Phytophthora capsici.Full Text
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- Diversity and Antagonistic Potential of Apoplastic Bacteria Against Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum Race 4 Causing Bacterial Wilt of Ginger
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PDF Views:128
Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode - 673012, Kerala, IN
1 Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode - 673012, Kerala, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 33, No 3 (2019), Pagination: 197-216Abstract
Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum race 4 is a devastating disease of ginger, for which almost all control measures met with limited success. In this study, 150 bacteria isolated from the apoplastic fluid of ginger were screened for antagonism against R. pseudosolanacearum both in vitro and in planta and shortlisted six isolates which were further characterized for biocontrol and plant growth promoting traits. The promising isolates were identified as Bacillus subtilis (IISRGAB 5), B. marisflavi (IISRGAB 43), B. licheniformis (IISRGAB 107), Agrobacterium tumefaciens (IISRGAB24), Micrococcus luteus (IISRGAB 48) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (IISRGAB 146). Green house evaluation against R. pseudosolanacearum, by seed priming and soil drenching showed that B. licheniformis strain GAP107–MTCC 12725, was able to reduce bacterial wilt incidence up to 67%. Hence, this bacterium was identified as a suitable candidate for developing a potential biocide for the management of bacterial wilt in ginger.
Keywords
Apoplastic Bacillus licheniformis, Bacterial Wilt, Ginger, Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum Race 4.Full Text
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